A network meta-analysis compares three or more treatments at once by combining direct evidence, from trials that tested two options head to head, with indirect evidence routed through shared comparators. This lets it estimate relative effects between treatments that were never trialled against each other, producing a coherent league table and a treatment ranking. Our service runs the whole synthesis: the transitivity and consistency checks, the frequentist or Bayesian model, SUCRA rankings, and reporting aligned with PRISMA-NMA.
Network meta-analysis services for comparing many treatments
When your question is which of several treatments works best, not just whether one beats a placebo, we build the connected evidence network and hand you rankings you can defend.
4.9 / 5 across 1,194+ delivered projects
- Cochrane and PRISMA 2020 methods
- PhD methodologists
- 100% human-written, no generative AI
- Reproducible R and Stata code
- Free quote within 24 hours
- Mutual NDA on request
When a network meta-analysis is the right tool
A pairwise meta-analysis answers one comparison at a time, which is a poor fit for a field where a dozen treatments compete and few have ever been trialled against one another. A network meta-analysis exists for exactly that situation: it uses the trials you do have to estimate the relative effects you do not, so decision makers can rank the whole set rather than reason across a stack of disconnected pairwise meta-analyses.
The power of the method rests entirely on its assumptions. Borrowing strength across the network is only legitimate when the trials are similar enough for indirect comparisons to be fair, so the analytical work is less about running a model and more about earning the right to run it. We treat the connectedness of your evidence and the plausibility of transitivity as the first questions, not an afterthought once the figures are produced.
How we build and interrogate the network
Each step below carries a specific assumption or diagnostic, and every one is reported so a reviewer can trace how the rankings were reached rather than take them on trust.
- 1
Map the network and check connectedness
We draw the network geometry, confirm every treatment connects through at least one path, and flag comparisons that rest on a single trial or a fragile link before any estimation begins.
- 2
Assess transitivity clinically
We inspect the distribution of effect modifiers, such as dose, population, and follow-up, across the comparisons, judging whether indirect evidence can be pooled fairly before we trust the model output.
- 3
Fit the model and test consistency
We estimate the network with a frequentist or Bayesian model, then test agreement between direct and indirect evidence using a global design-by-treatment test and local node-splitting on each loop.
- 4
Rank, rate, and report
We produce the league table, SUCRA values and rankograms, rate each comparison with CINeMA, and write the synthesis to the PRISMA-NMA reporting standard.
Frequentist and Bayesian approaches
Both frameworks give valid network estimates, and the right choice depends on your question, your reviewers, and how you want uncertainty expressed. We are fluent in both and recommend the one that fits your evidence rather than defaulting to a house preference.
Frequentist with netmeta in R
A fast, transparent route for most networks, giving pooled relative effects, a net heat plot for inconsistency, and SUCRA rankings without the need to specify prior distributions.
Bayesian hierarchical models
Run in a Markov chain Monte Carlo environment, these give full posterior distributions, natural probability statements about rankings, and a flexible way to handle sparse or complex networks.
League tables and rankings
We deliver the full matrix of relative effects between every pair of treatments, alongside SUCRA values and rankograms that summarise where each treatment sits in the hierarchy.
Certainty with CINeMA and GRADE
Each comparison of interest is rated for confidence using the CINeMA framework, extending GRADE to the network so readers can weigh every estimate on its own merits.
What you receive
You get a complete, reportable network synthesis rather than a set of raw model outputs: the network diagram, the league table of relative effects, the forest plots of each comparison against a reference, the ranking summaries, the consistency diagnostics, and a methods-and-results write-up aligned with the PRISMA reporting guideline and its network extension. Every figure ships with the analysis script, so the work reruns end to end and your reviewers can see exactly how each estimate was produced.
- A network diagram showing every treatment, comparison, and the trials that inform each link
- A full league table of relative effects with confidence or credible intervals
- SUCRA values, rankograms, and a clearly caveated treatment hierarchy
- Global and local inconsistency checks, including node-splitting on each closed loop
- A CINeMA confidence rating for every comparison that matters to your question
- A methods-and-results section drafted to PRISMA-NMA, plus the annotated netmeta or Bayesian code
Who commissions a network meta-analysis
The brief shifts by who is asking and what the ranking has to survive, and we shape the modelling and the write-up to match. What every commissioner shares is a decision that turns on comparing more than two options and a need for the method to hold up under close scrutiny.
Health technology assessment teams
Submissions to reimbursement and appraisal bodies that require an indirect treatment comparison across the full slate of relevant options, reported to the standard those agencies expect.
Guideline development panels
A defensible treatment hierarchy to underpin a recommendation, with the transitivity judgement and certainty ratings laid out so the panel can see the reasoning.
Doctoral and academic researchers
A network synthesis chapter you can defend at a viva, with every modelling and ranking choice explained so the analysis is genuinely yours to answer for.
Pharmaceutical value teams
Comparative evidence for a value dossier that positions a product against its competitors, built on assumptions that will withstand an assessor's questions.
Network meta-analysis versus a set of pairwise analyses
A network approach is not always the answer. When your evidence is sparse or poorly connected, or your question really is about a single comparison, a well-run pairwise synthesis is the honest choice. The table below shows where the two diverge so you can see which fits your evidence.
| Consideration | Pairwise meta-analysis | Network meta-analysis |
|---|---|---|
| Question answered | The effect of one treatment against one comparator | Relative effects and a ranking across three or more treatments |
| Evidence used | Only trials that made the same head-to-head comparison | Direct and indirect evidence combined across a connected network |
| Key assumption | Studies estimate a comparable single effect | Transitivity across comparisons, tested as consistency once fitted |
| Best used when | The decision hinges on one comparison with enough direct trials | Many options compete and few were trialled directly against each other |
How a network meta-analysis is scoped and quoted
We quote a fixed fee per project rather than by the hour, so the cost is known before any work begins. Behind that number sits the real analytical load: the number of treatments and comparisons, how well connected the network is, whether you need a frequentist or a Bayesian model, whether a review protocol and search already exist or need building, and how much of the reporting you want us to draft. If the evidence will not support a credible network, we say so and propose the analysis that will. Send us your included studies and the treatments you want compared, and we will return a plan, a timeline, and a fixed quote with no obligation to proceed. You can also sketch a single comparison first with our free pooled-effect calculator.
Frequently asked questions
- What is the difference between a network meta-analysis and a standard meta-analysis?
- A standard meta-analysis pools studies that compare the same two options and returns one pooled effect for that single pair. A network meta-analysis links many such comparisons into one connected structure, so it can estimate the relative effect between treatments that were never tested head to head. It does this by combining direct evidence, from trials that compared two treatments, with indirect evidence routed through a common comparator. The result is a coherent set of relative effects and a ranking across every treatment in the network, not just one pair.
- What is the transitivity assumption in a network meta-analysis?
- Transitivity is the assumption that the trials contributing indirect evidence are similar enough in their participants, settings, and design that borrowing information across them is fair. If the trials comparing treatment A with treatment B differ systematically from those comparing B with C, in a way that changes the effect, the indirect comparison of A against C can be biased. Transitivity is judged clinically and epidemiologically before any pooling by inspecting the distribution of effect modifiers across comparisons. Its statistical counterpart, consistency, is then tested once the network is fitted.
- What is SUCRA in a network meta-analysis?
- SUCRA stands for the surface under the cumulative ranking curve. It condenses a treatment's full ranking distribution into a single number between zero and one, where a higher value means the treatment tends to rank nearer the top across the whole network. It is useful for summarising a hierarchy at a glance, but a ranking is not proof that one treatment is genuinely best. SUCRA values should always be read alongside the effect estimates, their uncertainty, and the certainty of evidence, never in isolation from them.
- How do you check for inconsistency in a network meta-analysis?
- Inconsistency is a conflict between the direct and the indirect evidence on the same comparison. We check it both globally and locally. A design-by-treatment interaction model gives a single global test across the whole network, while node-splitting separates the direct and indirect estimates for each comparison and tests whether they agree. Where a closed loop shows disagreement, we investigate the trials in that loop rather than simply reporting a number. Consistency underpins the credibility of every indirect estimate, so we report these checks in full.
- How is the certainty of evidence rated in a network meta-analysis?
- Certainty is rated with CINeMA, the Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis framework, which extends GRADE to the network setting. It considers within-study bias, reporting bias, indirectness, imprecision, heterogeneity, and incoherence for each estimate, and combines them into a confidence rating for every comparison of interest. Because a network estimate can draw on many trials through many paths, its certainty is assessed comparison by comparison rather than for the network as a whole. We deliver these ratings alongside the effects so readers can weigh each result appropriately.
- How many treatments and studies do you need for a network meta-analysis?
- You need at least three treatments and a connected network, meaning every treatment links to the others through at least one path of trials. Beyond that minimum, the reliability depends on how well connected the network is and how many trials inform each comparison. Sparse networks with single trials on key links give fragile, imprecise estimates and weak ranking evidence. We assess the connectedness and density of your evidence before committing to a network approach, and we say plainly when a set of pairwise analyses would serve your question better.
Tell us your treatments and your included studies, and we will scope a network meta-analysis you can defend and return a fixed quote.
Free quote within 24 hours. 100% human-written by PhD methodologists.
Methodology reviewed by
Senior Review Statistician
Runs the quantitative synthesis: pooling models, heterogeneity, network meta-analysis, and the figures that go in the paper.
Why researchers bring in a PhD methodologist
80+
systematic reviews are published every day (Hoffmann et al., 2021)
67.3 weeks
average time to complete a review in-house (Borah et al., BMJ Open 2017)
~70%
of published reviews rate critically low on AMSTAR 2 quality appraisal
4.9 / 5
our client rating across 1,194+ delivered projects
